Machupicchu is an ancient Inca citadel built in the 15th century, located in the Andes Mountains of Peru at an altitude of 2,430 meters (7,970 ft). It is one of the most iconic symbols of the Inca civilization and one of the most visited tourist sites in the world.
🕰️ History
Built around 1450 during the reign of Inca Pachacutec.
It was never discovered by the Spanish conquistadors, helping preserve it over the centuries.
In 1911, American explorer Hiram Bingham rediscovered it for the Western world.
In 1983, UNESCO declared it a World Heritage Site.
In 2007, it was named one of the New 7 Wonders of the Modern World.
🏞️ Geographic Location
Located in the Cusco region, district of Machupicchu, Urubamba province.
About 80 km northwest of the city of Cusco.
Surrounded by peaks like Huayna Picchu and Machu Picchu Mountain.
🌿 Nature and Biodiversity
Part of the Machu Picchu Historic Sanctuary, a protected area with cloud forest and high jungle ecosystems.
Home to over 300 orchid species, 400 bird species, and animals like the spectacled bear.
Subtropical climate: warm and humid by day, cool at night.
🧱 Architecture and Layout
Divided into two main sectors: – Urban Sector: with temples, homes, and ceremonial plazas. – Agricultural Sector: with large terraced fields.
Built using the perfect stone-fitting technique (no mortar).
Key structures: – Temple of the Sun. – Temple of the Three Windows – Intihuatana (ritual solar clock) – The Guardian’s House – Sacred Rock
📊 Fun Facts
«Machu Picchu» means “Old Mountain” in Quechua.
«Huayna Picchu», the iconic peak behind it, means “Young Mountain.”
Some stones fit together so perfectly that not even a sheet of paper fits between them.
It has inspired countless films, books, documentaries, and artists worldwide.
